Statistics indicate that upwards of 40 birds per year are killed at wind turbine sites. The Backpack Electricity System Review Why is this a problem and what do we think is going on here? There are a number of component parts that the birds impact and it's just not clear why the birds are getting disoriented and flying into them. The birds and bats can fly into the blades of course, but the tower and the tower assembly - guy wires and the power cables - also provide an obstacle for them.
The problem is the worst for larger birds. They tend to live in areas where large wind turbines are installed - mountain ridges and the like. To complicate things, the fog that is often seen around mountains is cited as the culprit not necessarily the turbine mechanism. Fog of course can make it difficult for birds and bats to see where they are going. What could the wind industry do to cut down on the number of birds and bats killed each year from wind turbine strikes?
Polycrystalline panels are some of the cheapest and most common panels that people buy. These are less efficient than those that are monocrystalline. Monocrystalline panels are also called amorphous. Polycrystalline panels are cheaper to produce and cost less to manufacture. Polycrystalline modules put the power into more people's hands as they are more affordable. These could cost 8.50 to 10 dollars a watt and have twelve up to twelve and a half percent conversion efficiency. A square metre of panel will produce between 120 or so watts of electricity when exposed to sunlight.
Panels are assumed for cool climates at about 25 degrees C. If they are heated by the sun over 50 degrees Celsius or higher, then they will be less efficient. Dark panels in direct sun will rise to higher temperatures more than you would think. This applies to all modules and not just polycrystalline panels. You should take temperature and into account when working out the cost and design of their panels.
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